[1]Paper presented at the ASAIHL Seminar on "Sustainable Development Challenges for the Asia-Pacific Region in the 21st Century," July 4-6, 1993, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.

[2]The Pillar of the Kingdom: The Birth of Chulalongkorn University (forthcoming).

3Preecha Piampongsant, Green Economics for Life and Nature (Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press, B.E. 2536) (in Thai).

[4]See Green Economics, pp. 143-145. See also E.F. Schumacher, Small is Beautiful (New York: Harper, 1973), especially pp. 50-58. In the chapter on Buddhist Economics, Schumacher points out that the Buddhist people of South-East Asia already possess a rich conception which leads to an attunement with nature. It is sad, however, that these people do not in the main adopt this form of thinking but instead embrace the Western conception of exploitation and estrangement from nature. Since Schumacher's book was published twenty years ago, Thai planners for example have not taken his advice even to a small extent. The dangers foreseen by Schumacher are becoming real by the minute, and it seems that the blind rush still goes on.

[5]See Schumacher, Small is Beautiful, pp. 50 and 58.

[6]In my "Historical Contingency of the Separation between Fact and Value," (in Thai) Paper presented at a seminar on The Horizon of Humanities on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University, 1992.

[7]Derek Bok, Higher Learning (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986), p. 167.

[8]Derek Bok, Higher Learning. p. 165.

[9]This paper benefits from comments, criticism, suggestions and helps from many people. I would like especially to thank Professor Dr. Amara Pongsapich, Vice-President for Research Affairs, Chulalongkorn, for inviting me to present this paper at the ASAIHL seminar and for her comments and suggestions; Professor Dr. Pranee Kullavanijjaya, Vice-President for Academic Affairs, Chulalongkorn, for her suggestions and criticisms; Dr. Suwanna Satha-Anand, Department of Philosophy, Chulalongkorn, who challenged and sharpened some of my ideas; and lastly thanks to Dr. Kingkarn Thepkanjana, Department of Linguistics, Chulalongkorn, who has been reading successive drafts of this paper patiently and has given many valuable advice and criticisms. This paper would not have taken its present shape had it not for the kind help of all my colleagues mentioned here.